1. Abun da aka inganta na Zinariya: Yana ɗaukar siliki na zinari a matsayin tushe, kuma an lulluɓe samansa da zinari mai buɗewa (K).Akwai kala biyu na buɗaɗɗen zinare: farar zinariya da zinare mai rawaya.
A. zinariya
Wannan ƙarfe ne na zinare tare da kyakkyawan ductility kuma kusan babu canza launin oxidative.Tunda zinariya tsantsa (24K) tayi laushi sosai, lokacin amfani da zinare azaman firam ɗin kallo.Ana gauraye shi da abubuwan karafa irin su karfe da azurfa domin a sanya shi a hade don rage daraja da kara karfi da taurin kai.Abubuwan zinare na firam ɗin kallo gabaɗaya 18K, 14K, 12K, loK.
B platinum
Wannan farin karfe ne, mai nauyi da tsada, mai tsafta 95%.
2. Bude zinari da zinariya kunshin
A. Menene buɗaɗɗen zinariya?Zinare da ake kira (K) ba zinari ne zalla ba, sai dai gwal da aka yi da zinari da sauran karafa.Zinariya mai tsafta ita ce zinare da ba a gama haɗa ta ba (wato ba a haɗa shi cikin wasu karafa ba).Buɗaɗɗen zinare da ake amfani da shi a cikin kasuwanci yana nufin rabon gwal zalla zuwa sauran karafa a cikin gami, wanda aka bayyana shi a lambobi (K), wanda aka bayyana a matsayin adadin kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na jimlar nauyin zinariya, don haka 24K zinariya tsantsa Zinariya ce. .Zinariya 12k ita ce gwal ɗin da ke ɗauke da gwal ɗin tsantsa goma sha biyu, da sauran karafa goma sha biyu, sannan 9k zinariya ita ce gwal ɗin da ke ɗauke da sassa tara na zinariya tsantsa da sassa goma sha biyar na wasu karafa.
B. Gild
Gilashin zinari shine ma'anar inganci.A cikin kera sabulun zinari, ana lulluɓe nau'i ɗaya na ƙarfe na tushe tare da buɗaɗɗen zinare ɗaya, kuma ƙayyadaddun kayan abu na ƙarshe shine rabon buɗewar zinare da aka yi amfani da shi da adadin buɗewar gwal.
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don bayyana murfin zinariya: kashi ɗaya bisa goma na 12 (K) yana nufin cewa kashi ɗaya cikin goma na nauyin firam ɗin shine zinari 12K;ɗayan yana bayyana ta adadin zinariya tsantsa da ke ƙunshe a cikin ƙãre samfurin;Za'a iya rubuta zinari ɗaya bisa goma na 12k a matsayin 5/100 gwal zalla (saboda zinare 12k yana ɗauke da zinari 50/100).Hakazalika, za'a iya rubuta zinari na 10k na ashirin a matsayin 21/looo gwal mai kyau.Ta hanyar kwatance, ana iya amfani da zinare mai launin rawaya da fari don yin firam ɗin sanye da zinariya.
3. Copper gami kayan
Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da jan ƙarfe sune tagulla, tagulla, zinc cupronickel, da dai sauransu, kuma ana amfani da tagulla da kofi a cikin masana'antar gilashi.
A. Copper nickel zinc gami (zinc cupronickel)
Saboda kyawawan kayan aikin sa (machinability, electroplating, da dai sauransu), ana iya amfani dashi ga kowane sassa.Alloy ne na ternary wanda ya ƙunshi Cu64, Ni18, da Znl8.
B. Brass
Alamar binary ce ta ƙunshi cu63-65% kuma sauran zn, tare da launin rawaya.Rashin lahani shi ne cewa yana da sauƙin canza launi, amma saboda guntu yana da sauƙin sarrafawa, ana iya amfani da shi don yin kullun hanci.
C. Copper nickel zinc tin alloy (Bran Kas)
A cikin wannan kwata-kwata gami da ke ɗauke da Cu62, Ni23, zn1 3, da Sn2, ana iya amfani da shi don siliki na gefe da kuma bugu da alamomin masana'anta saboda kyakkyawan elasticity, kaddarorin lantarki da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata.
D. Bronze
Wannan sinadari ne na Cu da sn gami da kaddarori daban-daban gwargwadon adadin sn da ke cikinsa.Idan aka kwatanta da tagulla, saboda yana ɗauke da tin sn, yana da tsada kuma yana da wahala a sarrafa shi, amma saboda ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfinsa, ya dace da kayan waya na gefe, kuma rashin lahani shine rashin juriya na lalata.
E. High-ƙarfin lalata-resistant nickel-tagulla gami
Wannan alloy ne wanda ya ƙunshi Ni67, CU28, Fc2Mnl, da 5i.Launi shine baki da fari, tare da juriya mai ƙarfi da rashin ƙarfi.Ya dace da zobe na firam.
Kusan dukkan abubuwan da ke sama guda biyar na tagulla za a iya amfani da su azaman madaidaicin kayan kwalliyar gwal da kuma abin da ake amfani da shi don yin lantarki a cikin firam ɗin kallon da aka samar a gida da waje.
4.Bakin Karfe
Wannan sinadari ne mai dauke da Fe, Cr, da Ni.Kyakkyawan juriya na lalata, tare da halaye daban-daban tare da ƙari daban-daban.Babban elasticity, ana amfani dashi azaman temples da sukurori.
5. Azurfa
An yi firam ɗin tsoho sosai da gwal ɗin azurfa.Gilashin dogon hannu na ƙasashen waje kawai da wasu gilashin kayan ado na kayan ado har yanzu ana amfani da su azaman albarkatun ƙasa don na zamani.
6. Anodized aluminum
Kayan abu ne mai haske, mai jurewa lalata, kuma murfin alumina na waje zai iya ƙara taurin kayan.Kuma ana iya rina shi zuwa launuka daban-daban masu daukar ido.
7. Nickel na azurfa
Ma'aikatar jan karfe da nickel gami, sannan a kara zinc bleaching.Yana sanya bayyanar azurfa, don haka ana kiranta "azurfa na waje".Yana da ƙarfi, juriya ga lalata, kuma mai rahusa fiye da sanye da zinari.Saboda haka, ana iya amfani da shi azaman firam ɗin yara.Bayan an yi firam ɗin, ana amfani da platin nickel mai tsafta don sa bayyanar ta yi haske.
8. Titanium (Ti)
Wannan karfe ne mai saukin nauyi, mai jure zafi, kuma mai jure lalata wanda ya ja hankalin masana'antu daban-daban.Rashin hasara shi ne cewa akwai abubuwa da yawa da suka shafi rashin kwanciyar hankali na injin da aka yi.
9. Rhodium plating
Electroplating rhodium a kan rawaya zinariya firam, ƙãre samfurin ne wani farin gwal firam ba karfe abu da roba abu tare da barga yi da gamsarwa bayyanar.
Lokacin aikawa: Nov-02-2021